Basics Fundamentals of Computer Programming

What is a Computer Program?

A “Computer Program” is a set of ordered instructions given which give corresponding output.

What is Flowchart?

A “Flowchart” is a visual representation of what you are planning to do or steps of planned events. It is a diagrammatic way to understand and solve a particular problem. There are various visuals with the help of which Flowchart is represented:

·        Start/ Stop: Represented with a help of Ellipse

·        Input/Output: Represented by a Parallelogram

·        Processing a Value: Represented by a Rectangle

·        Decision Making: Represented by a Rhombus

·        Connecting two pages: Represented by a Circle

·        Connecting all Commands together: Represented by an arrow

Loop: A Loop can be defined as a method to execute a particular operation multiple number of times. A proper looping statement consists of four parts:

1.      Initial Condition

2.      Stopping Criteria

3.      Processing

4.      Updating a Variable

There are three types of Loop:

1.      For Loop

2.      While Loop

3.      Do- While Loop

Pseudo Code: A human readable informal description of an Algorithm/ Program. A pseudo code has following properties:

1.      Language Independent

2.      Structure your code before Writing it

3.      Fastest way to verify any problem logic

Header File: A “Header File” Comprises of pre-loaded functions which is being or pre-processed in the program by writing at top and using hashtag #.

A particular framework of C++ Program

#include<iostream>  //header file

Using namespace std; //Standard C++ namespace

int main()

{

       //output

      cout<< “hello world!” <<endl;

      return 0;

}